What is solar photovoltaic
Solar photovoltaic system, also known as photovoltaic, refers to a facility that converts solar energy into direct current electricity by utilizing the photovoltaic effect of photovoltaic semiconductor materials. The heart of a photovoltaic facility is the solar panel. The semiconductor materials used for power generation mainly include: monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon and cadmium telluride. As countries have been actively promoting the application of renewable energy in recent years, the photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly.
The composition of solar photovoltaic power generation system
The photovoltaic system is composed of solar cell arrays, battery packs, charge and discharge controllers, inverters, AC power distribution cabinets, automatic solar tracking systems, and automatic solar module dust removal systems. The functions of each part of the equipment are:
1. Solar battery: Under the action of the photovoltaic effect, the two ends of the solar cell generate electromotive force, which converts light energy into electrical energy, which is an energy conversion device.
2. Battery pack: Its function is to store the electric energy emitted by the solar cell array when it is illuminated and to supply power to the load at any time.
The basic requirements for the battery pack used in solar cell power generation are: a. Low self-discharge rate; b. Long service life; c. Strong deep discharge capability; d. High charging efficiency; e. Less maintenance or maintenance-free; f. Wide operating temperature range; g. Low price.
3. Charge and discharge controller:It is a device that can automatically prevent the overcharge and overdischarge of the battery. Since the number of cycles of charge and discharge and the depth of discharge of the battery are important factors that determine the service life of the battery, the charge and discharge controller that can control the overcharge or overdischarge of the battery pack is an essential device.
4. Inverter: A device that converts direct current to alternating current. Since solar cells and batteries are DC power sources, inverters are essential when the load is AC load. The energy storage battery OSM battery company currently offers inverters.
Inverter protection functions: a, overload protection; b, short circuit protection; C, reverse connection protection; d, undervoltage protection; e, overvoltage protection; f, overheat protection
5. AC power distribution cabinet: Its main function in the power station system is to switch the standby inverter to ensure the normal power supply of the system, as well as to measure the line energy.
Transportation way
Independent photovoltaic power generation:
Independent photovoltaic power generation system is also called off-grid photovoltaic power generation system. It is mainly composed of solar cell components, controllers, and batteries. To supply power to the AC load, an AC inverter needs to be configured.
Grid-connected photovoltaic power generation:
The grid-connected photovoltaic power generation system is that the direct current generated by the solar module is converted into the alternating current that meets the requirements of the mains grid through the grid-connected inverter and then directly connected to the public grid.
Distributed photovoltaic power generation:
It refers to the configuration of a smaller photovoltaic power supply system at the user site or near the power site to meet the needs of specific users, support the economic operation of the existing distribution network, or meet the requirements of both aspects.
Application field
1.User solar power supply:
(1) Small-scale power supply ranging from 10-100W, used for military and civilian life in remote areas without electricity, such as plateaus, islands, pastoral areas, border posts, etc., such as lighting, televisions, tape recorders, etc;
(2) 3-5KW household rooftop grid-connected power generation system, most households use 48V energy storage system, OSM battery company batteries have 50Ah, 100Ah, 200Ah to store electricity;
2. Traffic fields such as beacon lights, traffic/railway signal lights, traffic warning/signal lights, street lights, highway/railway wireless telephone booths, unattended road shift power supply, etc.
3. Communication/communication field: solar unattended microwave relay station, optical cable maintenance station, broadcasting/communication/paging power supply system; rural carrier telephone photovoltaic system, small communication machine, GPS power supply for soldiers, etc.
4. Petroleum, marine and meteorological fields: cathodic protection solar power supply system for oil pipelines and reservoir gates, life and emergency power supply for oil drilling platforms, marine detection equipment, meteorological/hydrological observation equipment, etc.
5. Photovoltaic power station: 10KW-50MW independent photovoltaic power station, wind-solar (diesel) complementary power station, various large-scale parking plant charging stations, etc.
6. Other areas include:
(1) Matching with automobiles: solar vehicles/electric vehicles, battery charging equipment, automobile air conditioners, ventilation fans, cold drink boxes, etc;
(2) Renewable power generation systems for solar hydrogen production and fuel cells;
(3) Seawater Desalination equipment power supply;
(4) Satellites, spacecraft, space solar power stations, etc.
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